Treatment Patterns From OASIS: Observational Study of Long-Acting Injectables in Schizophrenia

This work was sponsored by Alkermes, Inc. INTRODUCTION: Atypical long-acting injectable (aLAI) antipsychotics are associated with reduced risk of relapse and hospitalization but may be underutilized in the treatment of schizophrenia. OASIS (NCT03919994) was a prospective, observational study assessing real-world outcomes associated with aLAI antipsychotics. This presentation reviews treatment patterns of aLAI antipsychotics in patients with schizophrenia. METHODS AND DESIGN: Adults (≥18 years) with schizophrenia who newly initiated 1 of 4 aLAI antipsychotics (aripiprazole lauroxil, aripiprazole monohydrate, paliperidone palmitate, or risperidone microspheres) were eligible. Patients were evaluated up to 12 months thereafter according to routine follow-up. Reasons for treatment initiation, duration of use, and rates of switching/discontinuation were evaluated. RESULTS: Of all patients (Nf277), 130 (46.9%) completed 12 months of follow-up. Common reasons for initiating aLAI antipsychotic treatment were persistent psychotic symptoms and adherence challenges. Mean time on treatment was 210.0 (SD=145.3) days (median=200 days). Overall, 73.7% remained on the same aLAI antipsychotic initiated at enrollment; 8.7% and 9.4% switched to a new aLAI or oral antipsychotic, respectively, and 8.3% discontinued antipsychotic treatment. Most study visits occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic but, despite it, were still conducted in person. Additionally, most visits were planned/scheduled vs crisis visits. CONCLUSION: Treatment patterns in OASIS were broadly consistent with other observational studies. The proportion of patients remaining on their index aLAI antipsychotic, frequency of in-person visits, and relatively low number of crisis visits reinforce the utility of aLAI antipsychotics for the treatment of schizophrenia.