From the Experts

Ehtisham Mahmud, MD¹; Florian Schmid, MD²; Peter Kalmar, MD²; Hannes Deutschmann, MD²; Franz Hafner, MD³; Peter Rief, MD³; Chris Cain, RN⁴; Lawrence Ang, MD¹; Marianne Brodmann, MD³

Morton J. Kern, MD, MSCAI, FACC, FAHA

Clinical Editor; Chief of Cardiology, Long Beach VA Medical Center, Long Beach, California; Professor of Medicine, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, California 

Morton J. Kern, MD, MSCAI, FACC, FAHA

Clinical Editor; Chief of 

Cardiology, Long Beach VA 

Medical Center, Long Beach, California; Professor of Medicine, 

University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, California 

With contributions from Steven R. Bailey, MD, Professor and Chairman, Department of Internal Medicine, LSU Health School of Medicine, Shreveport, Louisiana; Sam Butman, MD, Verde Valley Medical Center, Cottonwood, Arizona; Larry Dean, MD, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington;  Kirk N. Garratt, MD, Center for Heart and Vascular Health, ChristianaCare, Newark, Delaware; David E. Kandzari, MD, Director, Interventional Cardiology and Chief Scientific Officer Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia; Prashant Kaul, MD, Director, Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia; Neil Kleiman, MD, Houston Methodist, Houston, Texas; Lloyd Klein, MD, Sonoma, California; Bernhard Meier, MD, Professor of Cardiology, University Hospital (Inselspital), Bern, Switzerland; Ken Rosenfeld, MD, Boston, Massachusetts: Jonathan Tobis, MD, Professor of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California; Bonnie Weiner, MD, Worchester, Massachusetts; Chris White, MD, Professor and Chair of Medicine & Cardiology, Medical Director, Value Based Care, System Chair for Cardiovascular Diseases, Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana

Morton J. Kern, MD, MSCAI, FACC, FAHA

Clinical Editor; Chief of Cardiology, Long Beach VA Medical Center, Long Beach, California; Professor of Medicine, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, California 

Dr. Morton J. Kern, with commentary from Drs. Bob Applegate, Winston Salem, North Carolina; Peter Block, Atlanta, Georgia; Sam Butman, Cottonwood, Arizona; Jim Blankenship, Geisinger Clinic, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania; Larry Dean, Seattle, Washington; Kirk N. Garratt, Center for Heart and Vascular Health, ChristianaCare, Newark, Delaware; Lloyd Klein, Sonoma, California; Michael Kutcher, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina; Michael Lim, St. Louis, Missouri; Jeff Marshall, Atlanta, Georgia; Gary Mintz, Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York City, New York; E. Magnus Ohman, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina; Steve Ramee, Ochsner Clinic, New Orleans, Louisiana; Fred Resnic, Lahey Clinic, Boston, Massachusetts; Chet Rihal, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota;  Jon Tobis, Los Angeles, California; 

Carl Tommaso, Evanston, Illinois; Barry Uretsky, Little Rock, Arkansas; Bonnie Weiner, Worcester, Massachusetts; Christopher J. White, Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.

Morton J. Kern, MD, MSCAI, FACC, FAHA

Clinical Editor; Chief of Medicine, Long Beach VA Medical Center, Long Beach, California; Associate Chief Cardiology, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, California 

Hady Lichaa, MD, FACC, FSCAI, FSVM, RPVI, Interventional Cardiovascular Specialist, Ascension Saint Thomas Heart, Murfreesboro and Nashville, Tennessee

Syed M. Ahmed, MD, Morris Hospital, Morris, Illinois

Morton J. Kern, MD, MSCAI, FACC, FAHA

Clinical Editor; Chief of Medicine, Long Beach VA Medical Center, Long Beach, California; Associate Chief Cardiology, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, California 

Evangelia Vemmou, MD; Ilias Nikolakopoulos, MD; Iosif Xenogiannis, MD; Michael Megaly, MD, MS; Mohamed A. Omer, MD; Larissa Stanberry, PhD; Ross Garberich, MS, MBA; Bavana V. Rangan, BDS, MPH; Kenneth W. Baran, MD; Mario Gössl, MD, PhD; Paul Sorajja, MD; Ivan Chavez, MD; Michael Mooney, MD; Jay Traverse, MD; Yale Wang, MD; Santiago Garcia, MD; Anil Poulose, MD; M. Nicholas Burke, MD; Emmanouil S. Brilakis, MD, PhD

Richard Casazza, MAS, RT(R)(CI), Brooklyn, New York, and Alexander G. Truesdell, MD, FACC, FSCAI, FSVM, Virginia Heart, Falls Church, Virginia