Dr. Morton J. Kern, with contributions from Drs. Steven R. Bailey, Shreveport, Louisiana; Sam Butman, Cottonwood, Arizona; Mauricio G. Cohen, Miami, Florida; Kirk N. Garrett, Newark, Delaware; Steven L. Goldberg, Monterey, California; Farouc Jaffer, Boston, Massachusetts; Nils Johnson, Houston, Texas; Dean J. Kereiakes, Cincinnati, Ohio; Neal Kleiman, Houston, Texas; Jeff Marshall, Atlanta, GA; Jeffrey W. Moses, New York, New York; Kreton Mavromatis, Atlanta, Georgia; Pranav M. Patel, Irvine, California; Stephen R. Ramee, New Orleans, Louisiana; Chet Rihal, Rochester, Minnesota; Gurpreet S. Sandhu, Rochester, Minnesota: Bonnie H. Weiner, Worcester, Massachusetts

Morton J. Kern, MD, MSCAI, FACC, FAHA

Clinical Editor; Chief of Cardiology, Long Beach VA Medical Center, Long Beach, California; Professor of Medicine, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, California

Morton J. Kern, MD, MSCAI, FACC, FAHA

Clinical Editor; Chief of Cardiology, Long Beach VA Medical Center, Long Beach, California; Professor of Medicine, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, California

Morton Kern, MD, with contributions from Drs. David Cohen, St. Francis Hospital, Roslyn, New York; Kirk Garratt, Wilmington, Delaware; Steven L. Goldberg, Monterey, California; Timothy D. Henry, MD, The Carl and Edyth Lindner Center for Research and Education, The Christ Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio; Lloyd W. Klein, Sonoma, California; Mitchell W. Krucoff, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina; Bernard Meier, Bern, Switzerland; Stephen R. Ramee, Ochsner Clinic New Orleans, Louisiana; Arnold H. Seto, Long Beach, California; Paul S. Teirstein, Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, California; Bonnie H. Weiner, Worchester, Massachusetts; George Vetrovec, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia

Morton J. Kern, MD, MSCAI, FACC, FAHA

Clinical Editor; Chief of Cardiology, Long Beach VA Medical Center, Long Beach, California; Professor of Medicine, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, California

with contributions from Ted Feldman, MD, Irvine, California; John Hirshfeld, MD, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Nils Johnson, MD, MS, Houston, Texas; David Moliterno, MD, Lexington, Kentucky; Michael Ragosta, MD, Charlottesville, Virginia; Steve Ramee, MD, New Orleans, Louisiana; George Vetrovec, MD, Richmond, Virginia

Morton J. Kern, MD, MSCAI, FACC, FAHA

Clinical Editor; Chief of Cardiology, Long Beach VA Medical Center, Long Beach, California; Professor of Medicine, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, California

with contributions from: Steve Bailey, MD, Shreveport, Louisiana; Sam Butman, MD, Cottonwood, Arizona; Richard Chazal, MD, Fort Meyers, Florida; Kirk Garratt, MD, Wilmington, Delaware; Steven L. Goldberg, MD, Monterey, California; Timothy D. Henry, MD, The Carl and Edyth Lindner Center for Research and Education, The Christ Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio; Spencer King, MD, Atlanta, Georgia; Lloyd W. Klein, MD, Sonoma, California; Mitchell W. Krucoff, MD, Durham, North Carolina; J. Jeffrey Marshall, MD, Atlanta, Georgia; Michael Ragosta, MD, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia;  Stephen R. Ramee, MD, New Orleans, Louisiana; Paul S. Teirstein, MD, La Jolla, California; Carl Tommaso, MD, Chicago, Illinois; George W. Vetrovec, MD, VCU Richmond, Virginia; Bonnie H. Weiner, MD, Worcester, Massachusetts

Morton J. Kern, MD, MSCAI, FACC, FAHA

Clinical Editor; Chief of Cardiology, Long Beach VA Medical Center, Long Beach, California; Professor of Medicine, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, California

Morton J. Kern, MD, with contributions from Steven R. Bailey, MD, Shreveport, Louisiana; Malcolm R. Bell, MD, Rochester, Minnesota; James C. Blankenship, MD, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Sam Butman, MD, Cottonwood, Arizona; David J. Cohen, MD, MSc, Kansas City, Missouri; Mauricio G. Cohen, MD, Miami, Florida; Timothy D. Henry, MD, Cincinnati, Ohio; Nils P. Johnson, MD, MS, Houston, Texas; Lloyd Klein, MD, Sonoma, California; Mitchell W. Krucoff, MD, Raleigh, North Carolina; Kreton Mavromatis, MD, Atlanta, Georgia; Sunil V. Rao, MD, Raleigh, North Carolina; Barry F. Uretsky, MD, Little Rock, Arkansas.

Morton J. Kern, MD, with contributions from Dawn Abbott, MD, Providence, Rhode Island; Sam Butman, MD, Cottonwood, Arizona; David J. Cohen, MD, MSc, Kansas City, Missouri; William Fearon, MD, Palo Alto, California; Lloyd Klein, MD, Sonoma, California; Mike Ragosta, MD, Charlottesville, Virginia 

Morton Kern and Peter J. Golden, RN, with contributions from John Bittl, Ocala, Florida; Emmanuel Brilakis, Minneapolis, Minnesota; David Cohen, Kansas City, Missouri; Mauricio G. Cohen, Miami, Florida; Larry Dean, Seattle, Washington; Kirk Garratt, Wilmington, Delaware; Neil Kleiman, Houston, Texas; Mitchell Krucoff, Raleigh-Durham, North Carolina; Jeff Marshall, Atlanta, Georgia; Joe Moore, Bolivar, Missouri; Jeff Moses, New York City, New York; Keith G. Oldroyd, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Gurpreet S. Sandhu, Rochester, Minnesota; Karen Smith, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.